Ubuntu 笔记

腾讯云主机初始化

由于腾讯云主机初始账户为ubuntu，所以建议改为root，方便以后敲命令

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sudo passwd root
# 输入密码

sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# 修改配置
PermitRootLogin yes

# 重启ssh
sudo service ssh restart

# 重新登录服务器

修改 WSL Ubuntu 18.04 默认源为阿里云镜像

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vim /etc/apt/sources.list

:%s/security.ubuntu/mirrors.aliyun/g
:%s/archive.ubuntu/mirrors.aliyun/g

apt update

kali linux 国内源

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deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

apt update
apt-get install xrdp fcitx fcitx-googlepinyin

Ubuntu 静态 IP

vim /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

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network:
    ethernets:
        eth0:
                addresses:
                        - 192.168.31.100/24
                gateway4: 192.168.31.1
                nameservers:
                        addresses:
                                - 192.168.31.1
    version: 2

netplan apply，启用配置

Linux scp 命令

scp是secure copy的缩写，scp是Linux系统下基于ssh登陆进行安全的远程文件拷贝命令

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从本地复制到远程

# 拷贝文件
scp /home/test/test.txt root@192.168.0.2:/home/test/

# 拷贝目录
scp -r /home/test/ root@192.168.0.2:/home/test/


从远程复制到本地

# 拷贝文件
scp root@192.168.0.2:/home/test/ /home/test/test.txt

# 拷贝目录
scp -r root@192.168.0.2:/home/test/ /home/test/

zsh

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apt install git zsh lrzsz screenfetch -y

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

# 国内镜像
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh)"

cd ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions.git
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/wting/autojump.git

# python 环境变量
ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python

cd autojump && python install.py

vim ~/.zshrc

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ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX="true"
DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE="true"

export PATH="$PATH:/Users/hfy/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools:/Users/hfy/Library/Android/sdk/tools"

plugins=(
  git
  zsh-autosuggestions
  zsh-syntax-highlighting
)

source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh

[[ -s /root/.autojump/etc/profile.d/autojump.sh ]] && source /root/.autojump/etc/profile.d/autojump.sh

autoload -U compinit && compinit -u

export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

source ~/.zshrc

bat

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wget https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases/download/v0.12.1/bat_0.12.1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i bat_0.12.1_amd64.deb

lrsz

Xshell 上传文件到 Linux 和下载文件到 Windows

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apt install lrzsz -y

# Windows 传文件 到 Linux
rz

# Linux 传文件到 Windows
# 文件夹需要 tar -czvf 打包
sz [file]

Python

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pip install sandman2 -i http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple --trusted-host mirrors.tencentyun.com

Gitea

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wget -O gitea https://dl.gitea.io/gitea/1.11.0/gitea-1.11.0-linux-amd64
chmod +x gitea

./gitea web -p 9096

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/go-gitea/gitea/master/contrib/systemd/gitea.service
vim gitea.service

cp gitea.service /etc/systemd/system/gitea.service

systemctl enable gitea
systemctl start gitea

rm 回收站

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mkdir -p ~/.Trash
vi ~/.bashrc

source ~/.bashrc

~/.bashrc

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alias rm=trash        
alias rl='ls ~/.Trash'  
alias ur=undelfile  
undelfile()  
{  
  mv -i ~/.Trash/$@ ./  
}  
trash()  
{  
  mv $@ ~/.Trash/  
}
cleartrash()  
{  
    read -p "Clear trash?[n]" confirm  
    [ $confirm == 'y' ] || [ $confirm == 'Y' ]  && /usr/bin/rm -rf ~/.Trash/*  
}

使用

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# 删除一个文件夹，helloworld下面的文件均被移到回收站中
rm helloworld

# 删除一个文件
rm abc.txt

# 撤销abc.txt
ur abc.txt

# 撤销helloworld文件夹
ur helloworld

# 列出回收站
rl

# 清空回收站
cleartrash

防火墙

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ufw status
ufw disable
ufw enable
ufw allow 2222

apache 配置文件服务器

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<Directory "/www/wwwroot/static.cloud.laijw.com">
		Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
		AllowOverride None
		Order allow,deny   
		allow from all
</Directory>

Centos Anaconda

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wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh
chmod u+x Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh
./Anaconda3-5.3.1-Linux-x86_64.sh

zsh：command not find:conda

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vim ~/.zshrc

export PATH=/root/anaconda3/bin:$PATH

中国镜像

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conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
 
# 搜索时显示通道地址
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
# 清除索引缓存
conda clean -i

~/.condarc

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channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
channel_alias: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud

Kali

中文乱码解决方案

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vim /etc/apt/sources.list

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free


apt-get clean && apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei xfonts-intl-chinese

dpkg-reconfigure locales

reboot

node.js

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curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | sudo -E bash -
apt-get install -y nodejs

npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org
npm install -g yarn
yarn config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

sqlite

关于The database disk image is malformed问题的解决

一般来说，用sqlite3执行以下命令就修复了。

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sqlite3 old.db .dump > newsfeed.sql

sqlite3 new.db < newsfeed.sql

但是我尝试了好几次，修复之后的数据库都是0KB的。

几经周折我发现，损坏的数据库dump成sql之后，最后一行变成了ROLLBACK;

好家伙，全给我回滚了啊。

把ROLLBACK;改成COMMIT;

再执行sqlite3 new.db < newsfeed.sql

更新 Gitea webhook

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sqlite3 gitea.db "select url from webhook"
sqlite3 gitea.db "UPDATE webhook SET url = 'https://code.laijw.com/gitea'"
sqlite3 gitea.db "UPDATE hook_task SET url = 'https://code.laijw.com/gitea'"

curl 缺失 libssl.so.1.0.0

curl: error while loading shared libraries: libssl.so.1.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因是因为安装了 Anaconda 环境的原因

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find / -name 'libssl.so*'
l|grep 'libssl.so*'

ln -s /root/anaconda3/pkgs/openssl-1.0.2p-h14c3975_0/lib/libssl.so.1.0.0 /usr/lib64/libssl.so.1.0.0
ln -s /root/anaconda3/pkgs/openssl-1.0.2p-h14c3975_0/lib/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.0.0

ruby 环境搭建

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apt-get install -y ruby-full ruby-bundler
gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/
gem sources -l
gem install jekyll

jekyll new jekyll-blog
cd jekyll-blog
bundle install
bundle exec jekyll serve --host=0.0.0.0 --port 8080

openssh 长时间断线问题

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cd ~
cd.>config
notepad config

ServerAliveInterval 60

win10 wsl1 转换为 wsl2

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# 启用“虚拟机平台”可选组件
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
# 重启电脑

wsl -l -v
wsl --set-default-version 2
wsl --set-version Ubuntu-18.04 2

Windows Terminal 配置

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{
    "guid": "{1c4de342-38b7-51cf-b940-2309a097f589}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "bash",
    "commandline": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe --login -i",
    "icon": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\mingw64\\share\\git\\git-for-windows.ico",
    "startingDirectory": "%USERPROFILE%"
},
{
    "guid": "{9bd921f5-cbd3-4e51-a852-547096e50055}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "babun",
    "commandline": "C:\\Users\\LJW\\.babun\\cygwin\\bin\\zsh.exe --login -i",
    "icon": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\mingw64\\share\\git\\git-for-windows.ico",
    "startingDirectory": "%USERPROFILE%"
},